Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck, known as the father of quantum physics, was a German theoretical physicist whose discovery of energy quanta won him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918. He was born in Kiel, on the north coast of Germany, on April 23, 1858.

He made many contributions to theoretical physics, but his fame as a physicist rests primarily on his role as the originator of quantum theory, which revolutionized human understanding of atomic and subatomic processes. In 1948, the German scientific institution the Kaiser Wilhelm Society (of which Planck was twice president) was renamed the Max Planck Society in his honor.

The German 2 Deutsche Mark coin was issued in 1957 to honor Max Planck. The obverse of the coin, designed by Karl Roth, has within a beaded circle the portrait of the physicist Prof. Dr. Max Planck, wearing glasses, facing left. The reverse of the coin depicts, within a beaded circle, the Federal Eagle of Germany, being a one-headed eagle, its head facing left, its wings open and with open feathering.

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