2026-07-16 Thu

In continuation of our Gupta coinage series, we present another remarkable specimen, a Garuda-type lead coin issued during the reign of Skandagupta. As is well known, the Gupta Empire is often referred to as the “Golden Age of India” due to its outstanding achievements in culture, art, science, and literature.

At its height, the empire extended across much of Northern India – Himalaya to Godavari/Kaveri regions of Deccan in the south, and from present day Bengal in the east to Balkh in present day Afghanistan in the west. Gupta coins have been discovered as far afield as Rome and Southeast Asia, indicating that the empire’s economy flourished not only internally but also through extensive international trade. Guilds played a significant role during this period.

Skandagupta ascended the throne around 455 CE. His reign is best documented through the Bhitari Pillar Inscription. The inscription describes these wars as a “great calamity” that he successfully overcame, thereby restoring the empire’s prowess. Skandagupta is remembered for decisively defeating Huna invasion. The effect of his victory over Huna remained intact for at least five decades. Later Tormana and Mihirkula unsuccessfully tried to overpower India however King Yashodharman defeated them thoroughly and annihilating the threat of Huna invasion forever.

Skandagupta’s coinage reflects his image as a warrior-king defending the empire against external threats. The depiction of Garuda denotes Gupta rulers Vaishnavite leanings, more pronounced with Param Bhagvata legends on their silver coins.

Skandagupta, like his predecessors, issued coins in three metals – Gold, Silver, and Lead. The lead coins had very simple arrangements – Garuda and other motif on obverse and name of the emperor on reverse, sometimes with GE date (Gupta Era).

The lead coin described above features Garuda on the obverse, while the reverse bears the Brahmi legend “Sri Skandaguptasya” along with the date 144 of the Gupta Era.

You can also read more about, Garuda Type Lead Coin of Skanda Gupta