2021-07-09 Fri

The Jalayirid Sultanate was a Persianate Mongol Jalayir dynasty that ruled over Iraq and western Persia after the breakup of the Mongol khanate of Persia in the 1330s. It lasted about fifty years until disrupted by Timur's conquests and the revolts of the Kara Koyunlu ("Black Sheep") Turkmen. After Timur's death in 1405, there was a brief attempt to re-establish the sultanate in southern Iraq and Khuzistan. The Jalayirids were finally eliminated by the Kara Koyunlu in 1432.

The Jalayirid administration was modelled after Ilkhanate protocols, with documents in Persian and Mongolian. Its diplomatic correspondence also copied the Ilkhanate's, using a red ink square seal with Islamic phrases in Arabic.

Today on 9th July in the year 1401 Timur attacks the Jalairid Sultanate and destroys Baghdad. Here is an image of Jalairid coinage minted from Baghdad in 1382-1387. It depicts the Kalima and names four Khalifa e Rashiduns

Image Source: Wikipedia.org