As a philosopher, mathematician, educator, social critic, and political activist, Bertrand Russell authored over 70 books and thousands of essays and letters addressing a myriad of topics. Russell was a fine literary stylist, one of the foremost logicians ever, and a person known to have fought for improving the lives of men and women. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950 "in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought".

Bertrand Russell is credited with being one of the founders of what is now known as analytic philosophy. It is a view that emphasizes the importance of both empirical observation and logical analysis. Russell’s contributions to logic, epistemology, and the philosophy of mathematics established him as one of the foremost philosophers of the 20th century. His philosophical essay "On Denoting" has been considered a "paradigm of philosophy".

To the general public, however, he was best known as a campaigner for peace and as a popular writer on social, political, and moral subjects. He was jailed twice, one in 1918 for anti-war views and in 1961 for his anti-nuclear weapons stance. Active as a political and social critic until his end, Russell died in 1970 at the age of 97.

Many stamps were issued honoring B. Russell in India and across the world. A 1 Re. 45 Paise stamp was issued by India Post on 16th of October 1972 on the birth centenary of Bertrand Russell.

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