2016-05-10 Tue

Termed as one of the most terrifying disasters in the history of England, The Great Fire of London still stays fresh in the our minds. The fire disrupted the entire city and shook the country when it broke out on 2nd September 1666 and went on to set ablaze the central parts of the city till 5th September. The medieval city of London inside the old Roman city wall was greatly affected by this massive fire, engulfing 13,200 houses, 87 parish churches, St Paul's Cathedral and most of the buildings of the City authorities. Although, the aristocratic district of Westminster, Charles II's Palace of Whitehall, and most of the suburban slums were safe. As per traditional reports only six people succumbed to death but some believe that the heat was so high (1700 °C) that it could have left no recognizable remains.

The Great Fire broke out at the bakery of Thomas Farriner after midnight on 2nd September. Firefighting techniques were delayed due to the actions of a confused Mayor, Sir Thomas Bloodworth. It was too late when large-scale demolitions were started to fight the fire and it soon spread to the heart of the city on the next day. There were rumours that foreigners like the French and the Dutch were the culprits behind the fire. Some became victims of street violence as well. The fire was successfully conquered due to two reasons, the strong east winds reduced its intensity and the Tower of London garrison used gunpowder to create effective firebreaks and stop the fire from spreading towards the east.

Social and economic consequences of the fire were significant. To a point that Charles II encouraged citizens to evacuate the city and settle down elsewhere! Even then, London was reconstructed as per the old street plan that was used before the fire broke out.

To mark the 350th anniversary of this dreadful event that shook England, a special 2 pound coin was issued by the Royal Mint. The inner section is made of ICupro-nickel while the outer rim is made of Nickel-brass. The reverse is designed by Aaron west and the obverse by Jody Clark. The edge inscription reads “THE WHOLE CITY IN DREADFUL FLAMES”. The obverse features the city of London in flames with inscriptions ‘1666 THE GREAT FIRE OF LONDON’ and ‘TWO POUNDS’. The reverse features the common effigy of Queen Elizabeth II.